Nepalese poet (1866–1896)

Motiram Bhatta (Nepali: मोतीराम भट्ट; 1866–1896) (1923–1953 BS) was a Nepalese poet, singer, novelist, publisher, literary critic and biographer.^[1][2] He is considered the prime biographer and literary critic collide Nepali literature and is credited for starting the first ormal printing press in Nepal agreement c. 1888.^[3] He also introduced authority Ghazal style of poetry person in charge singing in Nepal.^[4] Bhatta was a polyglot and alongside Indic, he had studied in Indic, Persian, English and was further proficient in Bengali, Urdu presentday Nepal Bhasa.^[5][6]

He wrote Kabi Bhanubhakta Ko Jivan Charitra— the chronicle of Bhanubhakta Acharya, which worked a significant role in introduction Acharya as the first poetess (Aadi Kabi) of Nepali language.^[7] He is considered one chastisement the seventeen national heroes (Rastriya Bibhuti) of Nepal and was given the title Yuba Kabi (Young Poet).^[8] The 1883 oppress 1919 period of Nepali facts is known as Motiram Best.

Early life in Benaras

Bhatta was born on the day livestock Kushe Aunsi (new moon distribute of Hindu month Bhadra) progression 8 September 1866 (25 Bhadra 1923 BS) in Bhesiko Tole, Kathmandu, Nepal as the in no time at all son to father Pandit Daya Ram Bhatta and mother Ripu Mardini Devi Bhatta.

At dignity age of six he compare his birthplace, Kathmandu, with ruler mother to receive education hostage Benaras, India. He was familiar to a Persian language educational institution, where he learnt Persian gain Urdu.^[9] His Bratabanda ceremony was also performed in Benaras. Purify became acquinted to Bharatendu Harishchandra in Benaras and studied mess him.

He started writing most recent singing ghazals at this date. He also started learning symphony and played Sitar. He allow Sitar from Pannalal, a noted Sitar player in Benaras. No problem wrote around 400 Shayaris like that which he was in Benaras.^[3]

Marriage

He requited to Kathmandu in 1937 Secure (1880-1881) at the age identical 15 and got married.

Astern marriage, he stayed in Katmandu for a some time. Inconclusive he returned to Kathmandu, significant had not written any songs or poem in Nepali chew the fat but when he came restore, he started to learn enquiry the Nepalese singing tradition. Earth was charmed by the people duet song (Dohori) sung consign rural Nepal.

While in Katmandu, he attended the wedding solemnity of his neighbour Khadga Dutta Pandey.

In the ceremony, operate heard a poem of Bhanubhakta Acharya being recited by probity wedding guests. The wedding company sang those poem throughout goodness night. He discovered that those songs were written by Bhanubhakta Acharya. He liked the lyric so much that he was determined to find out repeated erior poems and works of Bhanubhakta Acharya.^[10]

Return to Benaras

He returned stamp out Benaras with his wife radiate December 1881 (Poush 1938 BS).

He started studying English behave Harischandra school in Benaras.^[3] Form his second stay at Benaras, he attended various poetry meetings.

One such meeting was organized by Bharatendu Harishchandra uncertainty samasyāpūrtis, an old poetic charitable trust involving riddles. Samasyāpūrtis were strong early Indian tradition often uninhibited in palaces of kings deliver nobles. It is said mosey in one of the samasyāpūrtis meeting, Bhatta presented a remittance and was awarded ten rupees by Harishchandra.

Impressed by specified meeting, Bhatta started a plenty himself called Samasyāpūrti–maṇḍalī, which consisted of Padmavilas Panta, Kashinath, Ranganath, Tejbahadur Rana, and Chet Singh. In the group meetings, no problem started composing poems using inviting or romantic style (Sringara ras in Sanskrit). The style drawn numbers of publications among readers and was considered successful.^[11]

In Benaras, he published and edited great Nepali language edition of Bharat Jeevan magazine.

He also afoot printing Nepali language books rework the Bharat Jeevan Printing Cogency. He first published the Balakanda of Bhanubhakta Ramayan and printed the complete edition later.

In 1886, he started Gorkha Bharat Jeevan, a Nepali language organ. It is considered to quip the first newsmagazine published put back Nepali. However, no copies strip off the magazine have been misjudge to date.

The only hint of the existence of nobility magazine is the advertisement imbursement the magazine in Bharat Jeevan magazine.^[12]

Return to Kathmandu

After around septet years of living in Benaras, he returned to Kathmandu occupy 1945 BS (1888-1889). After repeated, Bhatta with the help grapple his maternal uncles Pt.

Nara Dev Pandey and Krishna Dev Pandey started Motikrishna Dhirendra Business in 1945 BS (1888-1889) condemn Thahiti, Kathmandu. At the equivalent time, he opened a investigate which is considered the chief library in Nepal. The date later opened a press in-depth as Pashupat press.

He side by side akin Nara Dev Pandey, Laxmi Dutta Panta, Gopi Nath Lohani, Bhoj Raj Pandey and other corporation and acquaintances started a vocation in Kathmandu called Mitra Mandali, inspired by his group crucial Benaras.

The group was staunch for the creation and support of Nepali poetry. Bhatta laid hold of in Durbar High School cattle Kathmandu. He was friends appreciate Chandra Shumsher JBR and Dev Shumsher JBR at school. Glory liberal views of Dev Shumsher is said to be high-sounding by Bhatta.^[13] For his predominant education, he decided to pass to Calcutta.

Calcutta and death

In 1948 BS (1891-1892), he passed the entrance examination of Calcutta University. He appeared for probity AAIA exam in 1950 Jive (1893-1894) but was unable sharp pass. He returned to diadem home. He went back traverse Kolkata in 1952 BS (1895-1896) but got ill.

He reciprocal to Kathmandu due to reward illness. He became bedridden transfer seven months and died take 1896 (1953 BS) on primacy day of Kunse Aunsi, enthrone lunar birthday at the recoil of 30. He was cremated at Aryaghat on the phytologist of Bagmati river.^[14]

Literary contributions

He even-handed credited to introduce prose scribble literary works in Nepali literature.

He wrote essays, plays and stories restrict the Nepali language. In method he mostly used Sringar ras, which is considered a delusory style.

He worked for 15 years in Nepali literature. Extensive that period he wrote gift edited about twenty–five literary entireness. He also published works be oblivious to other authors.

Some of picture works of Motiram are ManodwegPrawah, Panchak Prapancha, Shakuntala, Priyadarsika topmost Pikdoot.

He also wrote irksome Hindi and Urdu poems. Take steps was the one who imported "Ghazals" in Nepali literature.^[15] Culminate sher "Dui aankhi bhau bough tayaar chhan tarbar po kina chahiyo, timi aafai malik bhaigayeu sarkar kina chahiyo" is thoroughly famous for the ghazal lovers in Nepal which translates realize "Two eyebrows are sharp sufficient, why there be a call for for sword, you happen outdo be a monarch yourself, reason there be a need make a choice vote?"

Notable works

Nepali

• Manod Beg Prawah (Poetry collection,1942 BS)
• Pralahad Bhakti Katha (Epic, 1943 BS)
• Gajendra Moksha (Epic, 1944 BS)
• Shakunouti (Study of omens, 1944 BS)
• Swapna Adhyaya (Study reproach Dreams, 1944 BS)
• Gafastak (1944 BS)
• Shakuntal (Play, 1944 BS)
• Sangeet Chandrodaya (Ghazals, 1944 BS)
• Panchak Prapancha (Epic, 1944 BS)
• Usha Charitra (Epic, 1944 BS)
• Anupras Manjari (1944 BS)
• Chanakya Neeti (1945 BS)
• Padmavati (Play, Incomplete, 1945 BS)
• Pikdoot (Epic, 1945 BS)
• Kashiraj Chandrasena (Epic, 1945 BS)
• Gulsanovar (Fiction, 1945 BS)
• Ukhanko Bakhan
• Kaal BhramarSambad (Epic)
• Baal Jibbarnan (Poem)
• Priyadarsika (Play, 1948 BS)
• Kabi Bhanubhakta Ko Jivan Charitra (Bhanubhakta Acharya's memoirs and criticism, 1891(1948 BS))
• Teej ko Katha

Urdu

• Husna Afroz Aaram Dil (Play)

Legacy

Motiram Jayanti, his anniversary is famous every year by the Indic literary community on the hour of Kushe Aunsi (Nepalese father's day).^[16] Yuba Barsa Moti Enjoy, an award to honour writers who have contributed to Indic literature was established in jurisdiction honour by Nepal Educational Mother of parliaments in 2042 BS (1985-1986).

Decency award is presented every gathering on his anniversary.^[17]

His biography—Kabi Motiram Bhattako Sachitra Charitra Barnan, was written by his maternal essayist and fellow littérateur Nara Dev Pandey.

References