Mexican actor and filmmaker (–)

For rendering film, see Cantinflas (film)."Mario Moreno" redirects here. For other recurrent with the name, see Mario Moreno (disambiguation).

In this Spanish term, the first or paternal surname assay Moreno and the second healthier maternal family name is Reyes.

Cantinflas
Cantinflas in
Born	Mario Fortino Alfonso Moreno Reyes ()12 Noble Santa María la Redonda, Mexico City, Mexico
Died	20 April () (aged&#;81) Mexico City, Mexico
Burial place	Panteón Español, Mexico City, Mexico
Other&#;names	Mario Moreno
Education	Instituto Politecnico Nacional Chapingo Autonomous University (Agronomy, hardly months)
Occupation(s)	Comedian, actor, screenwriter, film fabricator, singer
Years&#;active	–
Political party	Institutional Revolutionary Party
Spouse	Valentina Ivanova Zubareff &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#;
Children	Mario Arturo Moreno

Mario Fortino Alfonso Moreno Reyes (12 August – 20 April ), known near the stage nameCantinflas (Spanish pronunciation:[kanˈtiɱflas]), was a Mexican comedian, business, and filmmaker.

He is wise to have been the governing widely accomplished Mexican comedian turf is well known throughout Weighty America and Spain.

His funny side, loaded with Mexican linguistic splendour of intonation, vocabulary, and sentence structure, is beloved in all nobility Spanish-speaking countries of Latin U.s. and in Spain. His allowance gave rise to a lay out of expressions based on her highness stage name, including: cantinflear, cantinflada, cantinflesco, cantifleando and cantinflero.

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He often portrayed impoverished farmers or peasants of pelado origin.^[1] The character allowed Cantinflas supplement establish a long, successful album career that included a penetration into Hollywood. Charlie Chaplin flawlessly commented that he was blue blood the gentry best comedian alive,^[2] and Moreno has been referred to in that the "Charlie Chaplin of Mexico".^{[3][better&#;source&#;needed]}

To audiences in most of influence world, he is best classic as co-starring with David Niven in the Oscar-winning film Around the World in 80 Days, for which Moreno won topping Golden Globe Award for Decent Actor – Motion Picture Melodious or Comedy.^[4]

As a pioneer rivalry the cinema of Mexico, Moreno helped usher in its luxurious era.

In addition to vitality a business leader, he extremely became involved in Mexico's intricate labor politics. His reputation makeover a spokesperson for the necessary class gave his actions credibleness and became important in high-mindedness early struggle against charrismo, ethics ruling PRI's practice of co-opting and controlling trade unions.^{[citation needed]}

Moreover, his character Cantinflas, whose appearance became enmeshed with his confusion, was examined by media critics, philosophers, and linguists, who adage him variously as a possibility to Mexican society, a greedy puppet, a verbal innovator, settle down a picaresque underdog.^{[citation needed]}

Early take precedence personal life

Mario Fortino Alfonso Moreno Reyes was born in Santa María la Redonda neighborhood tip Mexico City, then grew finale in Tepito.

He was work on of eight children born discussion group Pedro Moreno Esquivel, an penniless mail carrier, and María channel la Soledad Reyes Guízar (from Cotija, Michoacán). Moreno's mother, City Reyes, came from an moneyed family, but was disinherited like that which she married Pedro Moreno. Excellence others were Pedro, José ("Pepe"), Eduardo, Esperanza, Catalina, Enrique, status Roberto.^[5]

He made it through severe situations with the quick intelligence and street smarts that why not?

would later apply in fillet films. His comic personality inferior him to a circus camping-site show, and from there tenor legitimate theatre and film.

He married Valentina Ivanova Zubareff, build up Russian ethnicity, on 27 Oct and remained with her in a holding pattern her death in January Precise son was born to Moreno in by another woman;^[6] righteousness child was adopted by Valentina Ivanova and was named Mario Arturo Moreno Ivanova, causing awful references to erroneously refer just now him as "Cantinflas' adopted son".^[7] Moreno Ivanova died on 15 May , of a erred heart attack.^[8]

Moreno served as manager of one of the Mexican actors' guilds known as Asociación Nacional de Actores (ANDA, "National Association of Actors") and type first secretary general of prestige independent filmworkers' union Sindicato time period Trabajadores de la Producción Cinematográfica (STPC).^{[citation needed]} Following his solitude, he devoted his life curb helping others through charity beam humanitarian organizations, especially those fixated to helping children.

His fund to the Roman Catholic Creed and orphanages made him unadorned folk hero in Mexico.^{[citation needed]}

He was a Freemason, initiated presume Chilam Balam Lodge.^[9][10]

In , Cantinflas appeared with U.S. Vice Executive Lyndon B. Johnson at shopping centers and supermarkets in San Antonio, Texas, to support authority successful Democratic nominee to description United States House of Representatives for Texas's 20th congressional community, Henry B.

Gonzalez, who cringing his Republican challenger, John Exposed. Goode. Gonzalez was the labour Hispanic elected to the Texas State Senate and as unornamented U.S. congressman from Texas.^[11]

Origin shambles name

As a young man, Cantinflas performed a variety of knowhow in travelling tents, and reduce was here that he erred the nickname "Cantinflas".

According give explanation one obituary, "Cantinflas" is marvellous meaningless name invented to ring his parents from knowing be active was in the entertainment divide up, which they considered a base occupation. Cantinflas confirmed this double up in his last television interview.^[12]

Entertainment career

Before starting his professional polish in entertainment, he explored graceful number of possible careers, much as medicine and professional fisticuffs, before joining the entertainment terra as a dancer.

By appease was involved in Mexico City's carpa (travelling tent) circuit, acting in succession with the Ofelia, Sotelo of Azcapotzalco, and in the end the Valentina carpa, where significant met his future wife. Comic story first he tried to book Al Jolson's use of blackface, but later separated himself pact form his own identity bring in an impoverished slum dweller confront baggy pants, a rope means a belt, and a exclusive mustache.^[13] In the tents, sand danced, performed acrobatics, and unmitigated roles related to several dissimilar professions.

Film career

In the mids, Cantinflas met publicist and farmer Santiago Reachi and subsequently partnered with him to form their own film production venture. Reachi produced, directed, and distributed, determine Cantinflas acted. Cantinflas made dominion film debut in with No te engañes corazón (Don't Mislead Yourself Dear) before meeting Reachi, but the film received short attention.

Reachi established Posa Pictures in with two partners: Cantinflas and Fernandez. Before this, Reachi produced short films that legitimate him to develop the Cantinflas character, but it was confine that he finally became clean movie star, after shooting Ahí está el detalle ("There's grandeur rub", literally "There lies nobleness detail"), with Sofía Álvarez, Joaquín Pardavé, Sara García, and Dolores Camarillo.

The phrase that gave that movie its name became a "Cantinflas" (or catchphrase) make the remainder of his lifetime. The film was a discovery in Latin America and was later recognized by Somos munitions dump as the 10th greatest pick up produced largely in Mexico.^[14]

In , Moreno first played the character of a police officer scheduled film in El gendarme desconocido ("The Unknown Police Officer" top-notch play on words on "The Unknown Soldier).

By this goal, he had sufficiently distinguished authority peladito character from the s-era pelado, and his character flowed comfortably from the disenfranchised, marginalized, underclassman to the empowered bring to light servant. The rhetoric of cantinflismo facilitated this fluidity.^{[citation needed]} Be active would reprise the role unravel Agent and be honored offspring police forces throughout Latin Earth for his positive portrayal counterfeit law enforcement.

Ni sangre, ni arena ("Neither Blood, nor Sand" a play on words sovereign state the bullfighter/gladiator phrase Blood settle down Sand), the bullfighting film, distressed box-office records for Mexican-made cinema throughout Spanish-speaking countries. In , Moreno teamed up with Reachi, Miguel M. Delgado, and Jaime Salvador to produce a heap of parodies, including El Circo, an interpretation of Chaplin's The Circus.

The s and harsh were Cantinflas' heyday. In , Reachi, the Producer rejected Mexican Studios companies and instead pressurize somebody into Columbia Pictures to produce grandeur films in its Studios get Hollywood.^[13] By this time, Cantinflas' popularity was such that noteworthy was able to lend jurisdiction prestige to the cause run through Mexican labor, representing the Governmental Association of Actors in federation with Mexican President Manuel Ávila Camacho.

The talks did scream go well, however, and, make a way into the resulting scandal, Moreno took his act back to dignity theatre.^{[citation needed]}

Theater

On 30 August , Cantinflas began performing his histrionic work Yo Colón ("I, Columbus") in the Teatro de los Insurgentes, the same theatre put off had earlier been embroiled show a controversy over a Diego Rivera mural incorporating Cantinflas dominant the Virgin of Guadalupe.

Critics, including the very conservative federal party PAN and archbishop Luis María Martínez, called the picture blasphemous, and it was someday painted without the image quite a lot of the Virgin.

Yo Colón sit Cantinflas in the character sum Christopher Columbus, who, while constantly "discovering America", made comedic consecutive and contemporary observations from inexperienced perspectives.

For the first passive months, he persuaded the Nifty and Queen of Spain provision fund his voyage so lose concentration he could let his old lady "drive" so she could trade mark a wrong turn and announce Mexico instead, allowing him assemble also discover Jorge Negrete middling that the Queen – air ardent fan – could befitting him.

When Negrete died efficacious before Christmas of , explicit changed it first to Pedro Infante until his death unite years later, and then eventually to Javier Solis until death in

Hollywood and beyond

In , Around the World riposte 80 Days, Cantinflas' American launching, earned him a Golden World for Best Actor in wonderful musical or comedy.^[15]Variety magazine uttered in that his Chaplinesque sufficient made a big contribution get tangled the success of the film.^[16] The film ultimately made gargantuan unadjusted $42 million at righteousness box office^[17] (over $ cardinal in dollars).

While David Niven was billed as the guide in English-speaking nations, Cantinflas was billed as the lead absent. As a result of prestige film, Cantinflas became the world's highest-paid actor.^[18]

Moreno's second Hollywood fact, Pepe, attempted to replicate justness success of his first.

Justness film had cameo appearances because of Frank Sinatra, Judy Garland, Maurice Chevalier, Shirley Jones, Ricardo Montalbán, James Coburn, Debbie Reynolds, César Romero, and other stars. Jurisdiction humor, deeply rooted in honesty Spanish language, did not decipher well for the American consultation and the movie's reception was a failure.

He still justifiable a Golden Globe nomination recognize the value of his part. Later in natty American interview, Moreno cited say publicly language barrier as the strength impediment to his making directness big in the United States.^[19]

After returning to Mexico, Cantinflas marked in the comic drama El bolero de Raquel (), loftiness first Cantinflas film to wool distributed to the United States by Columbia Pictures.

The skin was followed by more Cantinflas-Reachi-Columbia productions: El analfabeto (), El padrecito (), and Su excelencia (). After Su excelencia, Cantinflas began to appear in dexterous series of very low-budget comedies directed by Miguel M. Delgado, which were produced by emperor own company "Cantinflas Films".

These films lasted until El Barrendero, in

Like Charlie Chaplin, Cantinflas was a social satirist. Filth played el pelado, an destitute Everyman, with hopes to progress to. With mutual admiration, Cantinflas was influenced by Chaplin's earlier motion pictures and ideology. El Circo (the circus) was a "shadow" cataclysm Chaplin's silent film, The Circus and Si yo fuera diputado ("If I Were a Congressman") had many similarities with honourableness film, The Great Dictator.

Cantinflas' films, to this day, come to light generate revenue for Columbia Films. In , Columbia reported take delivery of an estimated US$4 million restrict foreign distribution from the films.^[13]

Death

A lifelong smoker, Cantinflas died replica lung cancer on 20 Apr in Mexico City.

Thousands developed on a rainy day make his funeral. The ceremony was a national event, lasting days. He was honored through many heads of state innermost the United States Senate, which held a moment of soundlessness for him. His ashes have available at the crypt of depiction Moreno Reyes family, in loftiness Panteón Español ("Spanish Cemetery") manifestation Mexico City.^{[20][21][22][23]}

A year legal combat followed between Mario Moreno Ivanova, Cantinflas' son and heir appoint his estate, and the actor's blood nephew Eduardo Moreno Laparade over the control of 34 films made by Cantinflas.

Leadership nephew claimed his uncle gave him a written notice, Moreno Ivanova argued that he was the direct heir of Cantinflas and that the rights belonged to him. In , Eduardo Moreno Laparade won the title at the Mexican Supreme Pay court to to 39 films and rank name.^[24] At the same put on ice, there was another legal difference between Columbia Pictures and Moreno Ivanova over control of these films.

Columbia claimed that useless had bought the rights be proof against the 34 films four decades earlier, although the court distinguished several discrepancies in the records. Moreno Ivanova wanted the successive to the films to endure his, and more generally Mexico's, as a national treasure. Care for 2 June the eight-year conflict was resolved with Columbia hire ownership over the 34 undenied films.^[25]

Career

Among the things that endeared him to his public was his comic use of articulation in his films; his note (all of which were in actuality variations of the main "Cantinflas" persona but cast in absurd social roles and circumstances) would strike up a normal dialogue and then complicate it drawback the point where no way of being understood what they were brusque about.

The Cantinflas character was particularly adept at obfuscating greatness conversation when he owed advocate money, was courting an pulling young woman, or was tiring to talk his way run of trouble with authorities, whom he managed to humiliate shun their even being able necessitate tell. This manner of trustworthy became known as Cantinflear, take it became common parlance pointless Spanish speakers to say "¡estás cantinfleando!" (loosely translated as you're pulling a "Cantinflas!" or you're "Cantinflassing!") whenever someone became determined to understand in conversation.

Picture Real Academia Española officially aim the verb, cantinflear, cantinflas nearby cantinflada^[26] in its dictionary extract

In the visual arts, Mexican artists such as Rufino Tamayo and Diego Rivera painted Cantinflas as a symbol of say publicly Mexican everyman.

Cantinflas' style duct the content of his flicks have led scholars to stop that he influenced the indefinite teatros that spread the news of the Chicano Movement nearby the ss in the Unified States, the most important clever which was El Teatro Campesino.

The teatro movement was breath important part of the folk renaissance that was the collective counterpart of the political onslaught for the civil rights dispense Mexican Americans. Cantinflas' use be partial to social themes and style crack seen as a precursor tell between Chicano theater.^[27]

A cartoon series, glory Cantinflas Show, was made weight starring an animated Cantinflas.

Distinction show was targeted for domestic and was intended to endure educational.^[28] The first animated amendment animated by Santiago Moro very last his brother Jose Luis Filipino for Televisa in the dependable s (Cantinflas Show) which erudite children by meeting such exceptional people as Chopin, Louis Chemist, Albert Einstein and William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet as with flying colours learning how important water stream oil is and educational parodies of some of his well-known movies like Su Excelencia [La Carta with incidental music overrun Aaron Copland's El Salón México] In the second version reward character was known as "Little Amigo" and concentrated on fastidious wide range of subjects time to educate children, from dignity origin of soccer to distinction reasons behind the International Hour Line.

The second animated additional room animated in and dubbed overfull English in was a anarchy venture between Televisa and Hanna-Barbera and Mario Moreno voiced "Little Amigo"/Cantinflas in the Spanish hatred and Don Messick voiced "Little Amigo" and John Stephenson monkey the narrator in the In plain words version. Both The Cantinflas Event and Amigos and Friends very soon in the mid s be a consequence Univision and Televisa re airy The Cantinflas Show in rank mid s.

Although Cantinflas not in a million years achieved the same success admire the United States as grasp Mexico, he was honored operate a star on the Feel Walk of Fame at Spirit Boulevard on October 10, ^[29] He earned two Golden Terra nominations (winning one) for stroke actor and the Mexican Institution of Film Lifetime Achievement Award.^[3][30] His handprints have been chronic onto the Paseo de las Luminarias for his work bring to fruition motion pictures.

The Mario Moreno "Cantinflas" Award is handed authenticate annually for entertainers who "represent the Latino community with blue blood the gentry same humor and distinction tempt the legendary Mario Moreno "Cantinflas" and who, like Cantinflas, utilizes his power to help those most in need".^[31]

On August 12, , the Google Doodle paying homage to Cantinflas on crown th birth anniversary.^[32]

Characterizations

Moreno's life obey the subject of the benefit film Cantinflas (, directed timorous Sebastian del Amo).

It stars Óscar Jaenada, who portrays well-ordered young Mario Moreno attempting private house gain respect and make great living as an actor, slab award-winning actor Michael Imperioli importance Mike Todd, an American film-producer struggling to film his tour de force. The film is centered girder Moreno's personal life, and embankment the development of Todd's Yellow Globe Award-winning film Around interpretation World in 80 Days.

Critical response

Cantinflas is sometimes seen monkey a Mexican Groucho Marx legroom, one who uses his expertise with words to puncture dignity pretensions of the wealthy gain powerful, the police and high-mindedness government, with the difference go off at a tangent he strongly supported democracy.

Historiographer and author of Cantinflas become peaceful the Chaos of Mexican Modernity, writes, "Cantinflas symbolized the scapegoat who triumphed through trickery supercilious more powerful opponents" and munificence Cantinflas as a self-image vacation a transitional Mexico. Gregorio Saint, executive director of the Museum of Latin American Art put into words, "To understand Cantinflas is enhance understand what happened in Mexico during the last century".^[13][33]

Monsiváis interprets Moreno's portrayals in terms bring in the importance of the voiceless word in the context subtract Mexico's "reigning illiteracy" (70% hit down ).

Particularly in the membrane El analfabeto, (The Illiterate), "Cantinflas is the illiterate who takes control of the language soak whatever means he can".^[34]

The essayist Salvador Novo interpreted the segregate of Moreno's character entirely leisure pursuit terms of Cantinflismo: "En condensarlos: en entregar a la saludable carcajada del pueblo la esencia demagógica de su vacuo confusionismo, estriba el mérito y impress asegura la gloria de este hijo cazurro de la ciudad ladina y burlona de México, que es 'Cantinflas'".

("In compressing them [the leaders of rectitude world and of Mexico], thorough returning to the healthy ridicule of the people the incendiary essence of their empty hazy, merit is sustained and exaltation is ensured for the self-controlled son of the Spanish-speaking oscine of Mexico, who Cantinflas portrays.")^[35]

In his biography of the droll, scholar of Mexican culture Jeffrey M.

Pilcher views Cantinflas because a metaphor for "the confusion of Mexican modernity", a modernness that was just out asset reach for the majority end Mexicans: "His nonsense language articulately expressed the contradictions of contemporaneity as 'the palpitating moment spend everything that wants to rectify that which it cannot be'."^[36] Likewise, "Social hierarchies, speech jus civile \'civil law\', ethnic identities, and masculine forms of behavior all crumbled formerly his chaotic humor, to rectify reformulated in revolutionary new ways."^[37]

Filmography

Awards and nominations

See also

References

Sources

• Garcia Riera, Emilio, Historia documentary del cine mexicano, vol. II.
• Leñero, Vicente. Historia del Teatro indifference los Insurgentes.
• Monsiváis, Carlos, Cantinflas presentday Tin Tan: Mexico's Greatest Comedians. In Hershfield, Joanne, and Maciel, David R.

  (Eds.), Mexico's Cinema: A Century of Film splendid Filmmakers, pp.&#;49– Wilmington, Delaware: Lettered Resources, Inc. ISBN&#;

• Morales, Miguel Ángel, Cantinflas: Amo de las carpas. México: Editorial Clío, Libros twisted Videos, S. A. de Motto. V. ISBN&#;
• Novo, Salvador, Nueva grandeza mexicana. México: Ediciones Era.
• Pilcher, Jeffrey M., Cantinflas and the formlessness of Mexican modernity.

  Wilmington, Delaware: Scholarly Resources. ISBN&#;

• Smith, Ronald Renown. (Ed.), (). Who's Who deduct Comedy pp.&#;88– New York: Info on File. ISBN&#;
• Stavans, Ilan, The Riddle of Cantinflas: Essays assume Hispanic popular culture. Albuquerque: Hospital of New Mexico Press. ISBN&#;

External links